Good lighting is not about the number of fittings but about the right layers and the right spacing. Here is how to plan it so you do not have to redo it.

Three layers of light

  • Ambient light — a diffuse base for the whole room (ceiling and recessed fittings).
  • Task light — aimed where you read, cook or work.
  • Accent light — highlights detail and sets mood (LED strips, wall lights, directed spots).

Most homes only ever have the first layer.

How much light does a room need?

Calculate by floor area and purpose — the table and formula are in lumens and watts. As a guide: living spaces 150–300 lm/m², kitchens and bathrooms 300–500 lm/m².

Spacing for recessed downlights

  • 60–80 cm from the wall, otherwise the light washes the wall instead of the room.
  • 80–120 cm between fittings, depending on ceiling height.
  • A separate row above work areas.
  • Never directly above a bed or sofa — they shine into your eyes.

If the layout may still change, track lighting is more flexible: a Track 3m, 3X230V, 16A with Track lights GU10, SPOT lets you change the light with no rewiring.

Common mistakes

  • One fitting in the middle of the ceiling for the whole room.
  • All fittings on a single circuit — no way to change scenes.
  • Lighting planned before the furniture layout is known.
  • Dimming forgotten.
  • Mixed colour temperatures in one room: how to choose.

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What are the three layers of lighting?

Ambient, task and accent light: the base, directed light and highlighting.

How far apart should recessed downlights be?

60–80 cm from the wall and 80–120 cm from each other.

How much light does a kitchen or bathroom need?

Around 300–500 lm/m², with more over the kitchen worktop.

What is the most common lighting mistake?

A single fitting in the middle of the ceiling instead of several layers.

Why is track lighting convenient?

Fittings can be moved and added without any rewiring.

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